Data were analysed using MAXQDA. To present the findings in a structured manner, Chapters 3 and 4 distinguish between ‘barriers’ and ‘progress towards inclusion’. Chapter 3 focuses on barriers to inclusive humanitarian action, based on categories we derived inductively from the data. During the coding process, and even more so during the writing process, we noticed multiple overlaps regarding the barriers and challenges to inclusion that pertain to all four essential ‘must do’ actions. For example, stigma and discrimination against persons with disabilities, and persisting misconceptions, which are examples of attitudinal barriers, pose a challenge to participation, to the removal of barriers and to empowerment, and sometimes hamper data collection and use.
To detect progress on inclusion, semantic categories were deductively derived from the four ‘must do’ actions of the IASC Guidelines, namely participation, addressing barriers, empowerment and capacity-building and data collection. We use these ‘must do’ actions to structure the data in Chapter 4. Sub-codes focused on different means of implementation, e.g. knowledge sharing, development of a policy guide/disability strategy and awareness-raising.